by Fred Nwaozor Nigeria’s tax system is a critical instrument for revenue generation, economic regulation, and national development. Anchored on a federal structure, taxation powers are shared among the federal, state, and local governments. This multi-tiered arrangement ensures that each level of government has constitutionally defined sources of revenue, though it also introduces complexities in coordination and administration. At the federal level, agencies such as the Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS), formerly known as Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), oversee the collection of major taxes including Companies Income Tax, Value Added Tax (VAT), and Petroleum Profits Tax. State governments, through their respective Internal Revenue Services, primarily handle Personal Income Tax and certain levies, while local governments focus on rates and minor taxes such as market and motor park fees. The legal framework guiding taxation in Nigeria includes statutes like the Compa...